N.N-Diethylethanolamine

Product Details

CasNo： 100-37-8

MF： C6H15NO

Appearance： liquid

Delivery Time： 15 days

Packing： 200kg/drum

Purity： 99%

1. Basic Information

• Chinese Name: 二乙氨基乙醇；N,N - 二乙基乙醇胺
• English Names: Diethylaminoethanol; N,N-Diethylethanolamine (Abbreviation: DEAE)
• CAS No.: 100-37-8
• Molecular Formula: C6​H15​NO
• Molecular Weight: 117.19
• Appearance: Colorless liquid at room temperature, with an ammonia-like odor and hygroscopicity (absorbs moisture from the air easily, requiring sealed storage).
• Density: 0.884 g/mL (at 25℃; slightly less dense than water, facilitating phase separation in liquid-liquid extraction processes).
• Melting Point: -70℃ (low freezing point, remains liquid in most ambient temperatures; no preheating needed for use in cold regions).
• Boiling Point: 161–163℃ (at atmospheric pressure; high enough for use in medium-temperature reactions, and easy to separate via distillation post-reaction).
• Flash Point: 52℃ (closed cup; classified as a combustible liquid, with lower fire risk compared to low-flash-point solvents, but still requiring ignition source control).
• Refractive Index: 1.440–1.442 (at 20℃; a key parameter for purity verification—deviations indicate contamination by impurities like water or other amines).
• Solubility: Miscible with water (forms a stable homogeneous solution); soluble in most organic solvents including ethanol, ether, benzene, and acetone—suitable for both aqueous and organic reaction systems.
• Stability: Chemically stable under normal conditions but flammable. When heated to high temperatures, it releases toxic nitrogen oxide (NOₓ) gases. It is incompatible with acids and strong oxidants (avoid mixing to prevent violent reactions) and has no polymerization risk.

2. Product Quality Standards

DEAE is mainly divided into industrial grade and pharmaceutical grade based on application scenarios, with strict differences in purity and impurity control:

3. Core Applications

3.1 Pharmaceutical Industry

DEAE is a critical raw material for synthesizing multiple pharmaceutical products, including:

• Local anesthetics (e.g., procaine hydrochloride, used for infiltration anesthesia and nerve block).
• Antitussives (e.g., carbetapentane, clofedanol—relieve dry cough by suppressing the cough center).
• Gastrointestinal regulators (e.g., prifinium bromide—treats gastrointestinal spasms and hyperacidity).
• Cardiovascular drugs (e.g., carbocromen—improves coronary blood flow for angina pectoris treatment).
• Fertility drugs (e.g., clomiphene citrate—induces ovulation in women with infertility).

3.2 Industrial Field

3.2.1 Acid Gas Removal

Used as a solvent to strip acidic gases (e.g., hydrogen sulfide H2​S, carbon dioxide CO2​) from natural gas and refinery gas:

• Its amino group (−N(CH2​CH3​)2​) reacts with acidic gases to form stable salts, effectively purifying the gas and preventing pipeline corrosion or equipment damage caused by acidic components.

3.2.2 Organic Synthesis & Chemical Additives

• Rust Inhibitors/Antistatic Agents: Synthesizes oil-soluble rust inhibitors (protecting metal parts during storage/transport) and antistatic agents (used in plastics, textiles to reduce static buildup).
• Dyeing Auxiliaries: Improves dye solubility and affinity for fibers, enhancing color uniformity and fastness in textile dyeing.
• Lubricant Additives: Reduces friction and wear in mechanical equipment by forming a protective film on metal surfaces; also prevents lubricant oxidation.
• Adhesives/Emulsifiers: Acts as an emulsifier in emulsion-based adhesives, stabilizing the mixture of oil and water phases; enhances adhesive bonding strength.

3.2.3 Polyurethane Industry

• Catalyst: Promotes the reaction between isocyanates and polyols in polyurethane foam production, accelerating foaming and improving foam cell structure (making foam more elastic and durable).
• Curing Agent: Used in epoxy resin curing, shortening the curing time and enhancing the mechanical strength and chemical resistance of cured products (applied in coatings, composites).

4. Manufacturing Methods

4.1 Chloroethanol Method

• Process Steps:
  1. Chloroethanol reacts with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at 105℃ to undergo saponification, forming ethylene oxide (by replacing the chlorine atom with a hydroxyl group, followed by ring closure).
  2. Ethylene oxide is then bubbled into a diethylamine solution for addition reaction. After the reaction, low-boiling impurities (e.g., unreacted diethylamine, water) are removed under atmospheric pressure, and the product is purified via vacuum distillation to obtain pure DEAE.
• Advantages: Mature technology, low raw material cost; Disadvantages: Generates saline wastewater (requires treatment to meet environmental standards), slightly lower product yield (~85%).

4.2 Ethylene Oxide Method

• Process Steps:
  1. Ethylene oxide is continuously introduced into an ethanol solution of diethylamine, with the reaction temperature controlled at 35–75℃ (to avoid excessive side reactions).
  2. The crude product is obtained after reaction completion; low-boiling components (ethanol, unreacted ethylene oxide) are distilled off, and vacuum distillation is performed under 8 kPa to collect the 110–140℃ fraction, which is pure DEAE.
• Advantages: High product yield (~92%), fewer byproducts, simpler purification; Disadvantages: Higher cost of ethylene oxide compared to chloroethanol.

5. Safety Information

5.1 Toxicity

• Moderate toxicity:
  • Oral LD₅₀ (rat): 1300 mg/kg (low acute oral toxicity, but still harmful if ingested).
  • Intraperitoneal LD₅₀ (mouse): 192 mg/kg (higher toxicity via injection, as it is absorbed more rapidly into the bloodstream).

5.2 Health Hazards

• Inhalation: Vapors irritate the respiratory tract, causing coughing, chest tightness, and sore throat; high concentrations may lead to bronchitis or pulmonary edema.
• Skin Contact: Causes chemical burns (redness, blistering, peeling); prolonged contact may lead to skin sensitization (allergic reactions).
• Eye Contact: Severe irritation—causes pain, tearing, and corneal damage (may lead to vision impairment if not rinsed promptly).
• Ingestion: Burns the digestive tract (mouth, esophagus, stomach), causing nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain; large doses may damage the liver and kidneys.

5.3 Fire & Explosion Risks

• Combustible: Its vapor can form explosive mixtures with air (explosion limits: ~1.2%–8.0% volume fraction). Contact with open flames, high heat, or electrostatic sparks may trigger combustion or explosion.
• Combustion Products: Toxic gases including carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOₓ)—require respiratory protection during firefighting.

6. Packaging, Storage & Transportation

6.1 Packaging

• Materials: Sealed plastic drums (high-density polyethylene, HDPE) or galvanized steel drums (inner lining to prevent corrosion by DEAE).
• Specifications: Common sizes include 180 kg/drum and 200 kg/drum; small-volume reagent-grade DEAE is available in 500 mL, 1 L amber glass bottles (to block light and slow oxidation).
• Sealing Requirement: Tightly sealed with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-lined caps to prevent moisture absorption and vapor leakage.

6.2 Storage

• Conditions: Store in a cool, well-ventilated warehouse with a temperature not exceeding 30℃; avoid direct sunlight and heat sources (e.g., heaters, steam pipes).
• Segregation: Keep separate from oxidants (e.g., hydrogen peroxide, potassium permanganate), acids (e.g., sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid), and food chemicals to prevent reactions or cross-contamination.
• Shelf Life: 12 months under sealed, cool, and dry conditions; discard if discoloration (deep yellow) or odor change occurs.

6.3 Transportation

• Use explosion-proof vehicles equipped with anti-static grounding devices; avoid mixing with other hazardous goods.
• Prohibit the use of spark-prone mechanical equipment or tools during loading/unloading.
• Equip the transport vehicle with leak emergency treatment materials (e.g., absorbent pads, neutralizing agents) and fire-extinguishing equipment (dry powder, foam extinguishers).
• In summer, transport during the morning or evening to avoid high-temperature exposure; in winter, prevent drum damage from freezing (though DEAE’s low melting point minimizes this risk).