Product Details
CasNo： 7087-68-5
MF： C8H19N
Appearance： liquid
Delivery Time： 15 days
Packing： 200kg/drum
Purity： 99%
1. Basic Information
- Chinese Name: N,N - 二异丙基乙胺
- English Names: N,N-Diisopropylethylamine; N-Ethyldiisopropylamine
- Common Abbreviations: DIPEA (most widely used); DIEA
- CAS No.: 7087-68-5
- Molecular Formula: C8H19N
- Molecular Weight: 129.25
- Appearance: Colorless to pale yellow transparent liquid (pale yellow hue may occur due to trace oxidation impurities, but high-purity grades remain colorless).
- Odor: Characteristic amine-like odor, with moderate irritation (weaker than low-molecular-weight amines such as triethylamine).
- Solubility: Miscible with most organic solvents including alcohols (ethanol, methanol), ethers (diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran), hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene), and chlorinated solvents (dichloromethane, chloroform); slightly soluble in water (≈1 g/L at 20℃, minimizing aqueous phase loss in liquid-liquid reactions).
2. Physical and Chemical Properties
- Density: Relative density (water = 1) 0.782 g/cm³ (at 20℃; lower than water, enabling easy phase separation in aqueous reactions).
- Melting Point: -46℃ (low freezing point, remains liquid even in cold environments, no need for preheating before use).
- Boiling Point: 127℃ (moderate boiling point, compatible with most organic synthesis temperatures; easy to remove via distillation post-reaction).
- Flash Point: 10.56℃ (closed cup; classified as a highly flammable liquid, requiring strict control of ignition sources).
- Vapor Pressure: 31 mmHg (at 37.7℃; moderate volatility, requiring good ventilation in work areas to avoid vapor accumulation).
- Refractive Index: nD20 1.414 (a key indicator for purity testing; deviations from this value indicate impurity contamination).
- Stability: Chemically stable under normal temperature and pressure, but oxidizes slowly when exposed to air and light (forming amine oxides or amides); does not decompose under neutral or weakly acidic conditions, but reacts with strong acids (e.g., concentrated sulfuric acid) to form salts.
3. Product Quality Standards
DIPEA is categorized into industrial grade, reagent grade, and pharmaceutical grade based on application scenarios, with strict differences in purity and impurity limits:
| Index |
Industrial Grade (for General Synthesis) |
Reagent Grade (Analytical Pure) |
Pharmaceutical Grade (for Drug Synthesis) |
| Purity (GC) |
≥99.0% |
≥99.5% |
＞99.9% |
| Water Content |
≤0.1% |
≤0.05% |
＜50 ppm |
| Metal Impurities (Fe) |
≤1 ppm |
≤0.5 ppm |
＜0.1 ppm |
| Other Amine Impurities (e.g., Triethylamine) |
≤0.5% |
≤0.2% |
≤0.05% |
| Color (APHA) |
≤30 |
≤15 |
≤10 |
4. Core Applications
4.1 Organic Synthesis (Primary Use)
As a sterically hindered non-nucleophilic base, it is irreplaceable in many reactions due to its weak nucleophilicity (avoids side reactions with electrophilic substrates) and strong basicity (effectively captures protons):
- Peptide Synthesis: Widely used in solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) to deprotonate amino acid active esters (e.g., Fmoc-protected amino acids), promoting amide bond formation without attacking the peptide backbone or side chains.
- Amide/Esther Synthesis: Serves as a proton scavenger in reactions between acid chlorides/anhydrides and alcohols/amines (e.g., synthesizing pharmaceutical intermediates such as amide derivatives), preventing acid-catalyzed side reactions.
- Heterocycle Synthesis: Facilitates the formation of heterocyclic compounds (e.g., pyrimidines, imidazoles) by neutralizing byproduct acids in cyclization reactions, improving reaction yields.
4.2 Catalytic Reactions
- Acts as a co-catalyst in palladium(0)-catalyzed alkoxycarbonylation of allyl phosphates and acetates, stabilizing the palladium catalyst complex and enhancing reaction selectivity.
- Promotes nickel-catalyzed C–N coupling reactions between aryl halides and nitroarenes, accelerating the formation of arylamine bonds (critical for synthesizing antibacterial drug intermediates).
4.3 Other Special Reactions
- Used with trifluoromethanesulfonic acid borate to selectively form enolates (avoids over-deprotonation of ketones/esters, enabling regioselective synthesis of complex molecules).
- Participates in the synthesis of mannitol-modified ovalbumin peptides (a type of protein conjugate), adjusting the reaction pH to maintain protein structural stability.
5. Safety Information
5.1 Health Hazards
- Inhalation: Vapors irritate the upper respiratory tract, larynx, and bronchi, causing symptoms such as coughing, chest tightness, and shortness of breath; high-concentration inhalation may lead to bronchitis, pulmonary edema, or laryngeal spasm.
- Skin/Eye Contact: Liquid or vapor irritates the skin and eyes—skin contact causes redness, dryness, or dermatitis; eye contact leads to tearing, pain, and potential corneal damage if not rinsed promptly.
- Ingestion: Swallowing causes severe irritation of the digestive tract (nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain); large doses may damage the liver and kidneys.
5.2 Fire and Explosion Hazards
- Highly flammable: Vapors form explosive mixtures with air (explosion limits: ~1.1%–8.0% volume fraction); contact with open flames, high heat, or electrostatic sparks (e.g., ungrounded equipment) can trigger combustion or explosion.
- Combustion Products: Release toxic gases including carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOₓ), requiring respiratory protection during fire fighting.
5.3 Protective Measures
- Personal Protection: Wear nitrile rubber gloves (latex gloves are permeable to DIPEA), chemical splash goggles, and an organic vapor respirator (N95 or higher grade) in poorly ventilated areas.
- Workplace Safety: Use explosion-proof electrical equipment and ground all containers to eliminate static; prohibit smoking or using open flames within 50 meters of storage/operation areas.
- Emergency Response: In case of skin contact, rinse with plenty of flowing water for 15 minutes; for eye contact, flush with normal saline for 10 minutes and seek medical attention immediately.
6. Packaging and Storage
6.1 Packaging
- Industrial Grade (Bulk): Packaged in 200 L epoxy resin-lined steel drums (to prevent corrosion and metal ion contamination) or 1000 L intermediate bulk containers (IBCs) with high-density polyethylene (HDPE) inner liners.
- Reagent Grade (Small Volume): Available in 100 mL, 500 mL, or 1 L amber glass bottles (to block light and slow oxidation), sealed with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-lined caps to prevent vapor leakage.
- Pharmaceutical Grade: Packaged in sterile, nitrogen-purged HDPE bottles (10 L–200 L) or glass vials (10 mL–1 L), compliant with GMP standards and accompanied by a certificate of analysis (CoA).
6.2 Storage
- Store in a cool, well-ventilated, explosion-proof warehouse with a temperature not exceeding 25℃; avoid direct sunlight and heat sources (e.g., heaters, steam pipes).
- Keep containers tightly sealed to reduce air contact and volatilization; store separately from strong acids, oxidants, and food chemicals to avoid reactions.
- Shelf life: 12 months under sealed, dark, and cool storage conditions; discard if discoloration (deep yellow or brown) or odor changes occur.
