Tetrahydrofuran

Product Details

CasNo： 109-99-9

MF： C4H8O

Appearance： liquid

Delivery Time： 15 days

Packing： 200kg/drum

Purity： 99%

Basic Information

• Chinese Name: 四氢呋喃（简称：THF）
• English Name: Tetrahydrofuran (Abbreviation: THF)
• Synonyms: Oxolane; 1,4-Epoxybutane; Tetrahydrofuran
• CAS No.: 109-99-9
• Molecular Formula: C₄H₈O
• Molecular Weight: 72.11
• Appearance: Colorless transparent liquid
• Odor: Characteristic ether-like odor

Physical and Chemical Properties

• Melting Point: -108.5℃
• Boiling Point: 66℃
• Density: 0.89 g/cm³ (at 20℃)
• Flash Point: -14℃ (closed cup; high flammability, requiring strict fire prevention)
• Explosion Limit: 1.5%–12.4% (volume fraction in air)
• Solubility: Miscible with water, ethanol, ether, acetone, benzene, and other solvents; exhibits strong dissolving power for high-molecular polymers such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polyurethane (PU).
• Chemical Stability: Highly prone to oxidation in air, forming explosive peroxides (especially when stored for long periods or exposed to light/heat). Reacts with acids, alkalis, and strong oxidants; decomposes into carbon monoxide (CO) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) during combustion.

Applications

1. Organic Synthesis Solvent:

   • A widely used solvent in organic reactions, including Grignard reactions, metal-catalyzed reactions, and esterification.
   • Serves as a raw material for synthesizing tetrahydrothiophene, 1,4-dichloroethane, and 2,3-dichlorotetrahydrofuran.

2. Polymer Material Industry:

   • Undergoes polymerization to form polytetramethylene ether glycol (PTMEG), a critical raw material for producing high-performance materials such as spandex (elastane) and polyurethane (PU) foams/fibers.

3. Pharmaceutical Industry:

   • Used in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals including carbetapentane (antitussive), rifamycin (antibiotic), and progesterone (hormone drug).

4. Electronics Industry:

   • Ultra-dry grade THF (water content < 10 ppm) is applied in cleaning and etching processes during semiconductor manufacturing, as it avoids contamination of sensitive electronic components.

5. Other Uses:

   • Functions as a reagent in chromatographic analysis (e.g., high-performance liquid chromatography, HPLC).
   • Used as a surface treatment agent for synthetic leather and an odorant in fuel gas (to detect gas leaks).

Safety Information

• Toxicity: Classified as low-toxic. It can enter the human body via inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption, causing irritation to mucous membranes. High concentrations may lead to anesthesia, liver toxicity, or even fatal effects in severe cases.
• Hazardous Characteristics: Highly flammable and explosive. Its vapor forms an explosive mixture with air; contact with open flames, high heat, or sparks may trigger combustion or explosion. Oxidizes easily in air to form explosive peroxides (must be tested for peroxide content before distillation or long-term storage).
• Storage Precautions:
  • Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse; keep away from ignition sources and heat (warehouse temperature should not exceed 30℃).
  • Separate from oxidants, acids, and alkalis. Add polymerization inhibitors (e.g., butylated hydroxytoluene, BHT) if stored for more than 3 months to prevent peroxide formation.
  • The warehouse must be equipped with explosion-proof ventilation systems and equipment; prohibit the use of spark-generating machinery or tools.
• Transportation Information:
  • Transport in accordance with UN 2056 regulations. Classified as Hazard Class 3 (Flammable Liquids) with Packing Group II.
  • Avoid exposure to direct sunlight or high temperatures during transportation; ensure containers are tightly sealed and leak-proof.
• GHS Hazard Symbols: GHS02 (Flammable), GHS07 (Irritant), GHS08 (Hazardous to the environment, optional for industrial grades)

Quality Specifications (Industrial Grade)