Appearance: Colorless or light - yellow viscous liquid with a faint odor.
Density: The relative density (d??²?) ranges from 0.980 to 0.983 g/cm³.
Melting Point: It has a melting point of - 55°C.
Boiling Point: The boiling point is approximately 384.9 ± 10.0°C at 760 mmHg.
Refractive Index: The refractive index (n???) is 1.4860.
Viscosity: At 20°C, the viscosity is 0.083 Pa·s.
Solubility: It is soluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, and most organic solvents. It is slightly soluble in glycerol, ethylene glycol, and some amines, and insoluble in water.
III. Toxicity Information
Effect on Ecosystems: It has certain inhibitory effects on the growth and physiology of organisms in the soil system. However, at relatively low concentrations (0.01 g•kg?¹ dry soil), it can promote the growth of bacteria.
Effect on Earthworms: The lowest - observed - effect - concentration (LOEC) for the growth of earthworms is 0.005 g•kg?¹ dry soil, and earthworms can accumulate it from the soil.
Potential Health Risks: It has potential carcinogenic effects on experimental animals and is irritating.
IV. Applications
Plastic Industry: As a widely - used plasticizer, it is mainly applied in the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) products. By reducing the glass - transition temperature of polymers, it endows PVC products with excellent flexibility and ductility. For example, in PVC films, it can improve the film's tensile strength and elongation at break while maintaining good transparency. In PVC pipes, it enhances the flexibility of the pipes, making them more resistant to bending and cracking during installation and use.
Rubber Industry: It can be used as a plasticizer in some rubber products, such as nitrile - butadiene rubber. It helps to improve the processing performance of rubber, making it easier to mold and shape. At the same time, it also improves the flexibility and durability of rubber products, extending their service life.
Coating and Ink Industry: In coatings and inks, DIOP can act as a solvent and plasticizer. As a solvent, it can dissolve various resin components, ensuring the uniform dispersion of pigments and additives, and improving the fluidity and leveling property of coatings. As a plasticizer, it can enhance the flexibility and adhesion of the coating film, preventing the film from cracking and peeling, and improving the overall performance and appearance of the coating.
Other Applications: It can also be used as a textile lubricating agent to reduce friction during textile processing, as a component in solid rocket propellants, and in some adhesives and sealants to improve their flexibility and bonding strength. In the perfume industry, small - molecule phthalates (including DIOP to some extent) can be used as solvents to make the fragrance last longer. In nail polish, it helps to prevent chipping.
V. Storage and Handling
Storage: Store in a cool, well - ventilated area away from direct sunlight. Keep the container tightly sealed to prevent moisture ingress, as moisture can cause the slow hydrolysis of the material and affect its quality. Avoid storing near oxidizing agents, nitrates, and strong acids, as it may react with them.
Handling: When handling DIOP, appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves and safety glasses, should be worn to prevent skin and eye contact. In case of contact with skin, immediately wash with plenty of soap and water. If it gets into the eyes, rinse thoroughly with water for at least 15 minutes and seek medical attention. In case of accidental ingestion, do not induce vomiting and seek medical advice immediately.
VI. Transportation Precautions
Avoid Reactive Substances: During transportation, ensure that DIOP does not come into contact with strong oxidants, nitrates, and strong acids to prevent chemical reactions.
Explosion - proof Measures: In closed transportation environments, be aware that its vapor may form explosive mixtures with air. Therefore, it is necessary to take explosion - proof measures, such as ensuring good ventilation in the transportation vehicle and storage area.
Route Planning: Avoid transporting through densely populated areas to reduce potential risks in case of accidents.